Christian Worldview

America is now suffering from a Great Recession which was initiated by atheistic US bankers. As the Telegraph reports, â€Å"Dr John Sentamu, the Archbishop of York, attacked exploitative money lenders who pursued ‘ruthless gain’ and urged banks not to ‘enrich themselves at their poor neighbours' expense’. † Their worldview is dominated by money. They believe in the survival of the fittest, and they think that they can get away with anything. Their philosophy is to conquer or be conquered, to exploit anyone and everyone; and morals are only for the weak.But I look at the world through the lens of a Christian, and I believe that my faith in God, my belief in absolute truth and my definition of morality based on God’s word—the Holy Bible—will make my life successful and happy. For greedy American bankers, God does not exist, but for me, He lives in my heart. They say that God is a figment of my imagination, and there is no proof tha t God exists. As Psalms 53:1 points out, â€Å"The fool says in his heart, ‘There is no God. ’ They are corrupt, and their ways are vile† (New International Version).But for me, the suffering that they have now brought to themselves is proof that there is someone out there more powerful than anyone. As Psalm 19:1 asserts, â€Å"the heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of his hands. † The consequences that they will face under President Obama will be evidence that justice under God will prevail. As Isaiah 51:5 says, â€Å"My mercy and justice are coming soon. My salvation is on the way. My strong arm will bring justice to the nations. All distant lands will look to me and wait in hope for my powerful arm† (New Living Translation).And the happiness and contentment that I will enjoy throughout my life by trusting God is a confirmation of His reality and love for those who trust Him. Indeed, â€Å"All you who fear the LORD, tru st the LORD! He is your helper and your shield. † While greedy bankers may also believe in the relativity of truth, I consider it to be absolute. These people think that truth depends on perspective, just as beauty lies in the eye of the beholder. They claim that what is â€Å"evil† for me is â€Å"good† for them.They think that the whole idea of â€Å"good† and â€Å"evil† is subjective, and that it is for the â€Å"greater good† that they do all these â€Å"evils. † But I believe that good and evil are absolute. They have done evil, and that is the absolute truth, whether they like it or not. People all over the world, the majority of mankind, agree with me. The world is one in condemning them as evil. While these bankers define right and wrong based on their own â€Å"rational† thinking, I believe that only God, through his word, the Bible, can define morality.People who claim to think logically ask questions such as: â€Å" If you and your family were thrown overboard a sinking ship, and you could save only one person, either your mother or your husband who both can’t swim, who would you choose? † But in a real-life situation involving one’s family, real people don’t depend on logic like robots. Indeed, I would pray to God and attempt to save them both. I have faith that God will save us all, and faith is more powerful than logic.In the end, my Christian worldview, defined by my trust in God’s existence, my refusal to believe in the relativity of truth, and my faith in God’s Word as the ultimate resource for defining right and wrong, is my path to salvation. How I wish that everyone else can also see through my lenses. References Holy Bible: New International Version. (1978). Grand Rapids: Zondervan. Holy Bible: New Living Translation. (2007). Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers. Moore, M. (25 Dec 2008). Religious leaders blame bankers' greed for financial cr isis. The Telegraph.

Raffles Hotel

International hospitality practice Raffles Hotel in Singapore Full Situational Audit of the Raffles Hotel and Develop a Strategic Place for the next 3 Years. Cover Page: Student Number, Module Code, Title, Module Tutor Table of Contents, List of Tables, Figures and Appendices Introduction Explaining the Purpose of the Report Brief Company Overview (10% of the assignment mark) 400 words External Audit: analysis of relevant macro-environmental (PESTE) and industry dynamics (Porter’s Five Forces), an assignment of competition and evaluation of Key Success Factors.The application David’s Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix might assist your analytical process (30%) 1200 words Internal Audit: Analysis of the company’s strategic positioning in the marketplace and key target segments, an evaluation of the corporate portfolio and expansion strategies in relation to the firm’s centric approach and a comprehensive strengths-weaknesses analysis of current resources and co mpetences, value chain activities and value networks. The application David’s Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix might assist your analytical process (30%) 1200 wordsStrategic plan for the next three years: This should include an evaluation of strategic options (TOWS matrix), the development of a new sales target, SMART objectives, the development of a mix of suitable strategies and a monitoring, control and contingency plan. (30%) 1200 words List of references Company Overview Raffles Hotel is a colonial-style hotel in Singapore. It was established by two Armenian brothers from Persia—Martin and Tigran Sarkies—in 1887. In later years they were joined by younger brothers Aviet and Arshak and kinsman Martyrose Arathoon.With their innovative cuisine and extensive modernisations, the firm built the hotel into Singapore's best known icon. It was named afterStamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore, whose statue had been unveiled in 1887. The hotel is cu rrently managed byFairmont Raffles Hotels International and houses a tropical garden courtyard, museum, and Victorian-style theatre. Raffles Hotel has a shopping arcade housing boutique brands such as Louis Vuitton, Surrender, and Tiffany & Co.. The arcade houses most of the hotel's restaurants.It also has shops such as the custom tailor, CYC The Custom Shop,[9] which makes shirts for Singapore's first prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew, and the third and current prime minister, Lee Hsien Loong. The third floor of the arcade houses the Raffles Hotel Museum and Jubilee Hall. Accommodation The hotel has 103 suites: – 84 Courtyard and Palm Court Suites – 12 Personality Suites – 5 Grand Hotel Suites – 2 Presidential Suites Activities – 15 Restaurants and bars – Raffles Spa – Outdoor swimming pool – Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Jubilee Hall theatre – Raffles Hotel gardens – Gymnasium – Event spaces – Executive centre Business Services A team of 24-hour personal Raffles butlers endeavours to assist hotel guests in all matters of business and leisure throughout their stay. The Executive Centre is another haven where residents can work or relax at their wish. Designed as a study, it is fitted with personal computer workstations and printers, and stocked with a selection of international newspapers, business magazines as well as commercial/industrial trade directories.The perfect location for a business meeting, Raffles Singapore features seven function rooms for events of up to 350 guests. With a choice of rooms, attentive service and all the technology you would expect, we’ll make it happen – exactly the way you want it Facilities Outdoor Swimming Pool & Bar Luxuriate in an exclusive haven by the rooftop pool, set amidst the lush tropical surroundings. Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade stands as an oasis of calm amidst the busy city and is an integra l part of the world-renowned Raffles Singapore.The shopping arcade offers an extraordinary experience to discerning shoppers both locally and from around the world. It houses over 35 international and regional fashion and designer stores, as well as the popular Raffles Shop with fascinating memorabilia and collectibles available for purchase. Jubilee Hall A charming, Victorian-style theatre playhouse seating 388 guests, Jubilee Hall is noted as a premier cultural venue for varied repertoires and ceremonies. Sir Charles – Flowers For The GentlemanWith a bloom for the gentleman to shower upon his lady and a posy for the lady to accord her gentleman, let the distinguished flowers from Sir Charles speak for you. From hand posies and hand bouquets to potted floras and lavish arrangements, Sir Charles has a delightful bloom for every joyous occasion. Gardens at Raffles Hotel Raffles Singapore is perfectly accompanied by the lush greenery and the landscaping which make up a quarter of the total land area of the Hotel.The gardens and courtyards at the hotel include the Palm Court, Palm Garden, Fern Court, The Lawn, Raffles Courtyard and Raffles Square. An iconic plant found in the gardens of Raffles Singapore is the Travellers Palm, which as tales would tell, has been known to save the lives of travellers in search of water with its fan-shaped foliage providing welcoming shade. The leaves are also said to be aligned on an East-West axis, thus pointing travellers in the right direction. Limousine ServiceArrive in style at the grand gravel driveway of Raffles Singapore with our chauffeured limousine service, or be whisked away to your next destination after your stay with us. Our classic Daimler or Bentley limousines promise to transport you to the glorious heydays of a bygone era, without which no Raffles experience is complete. A luxurious fleet of other modern limousines are also available. Family Outdoor Swimming Pool Luxuriate in an exclusive haven by the ro oftop pool, set amidst the lush tropical surroundings.Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade stands as an oasis of calm amidst the busy city and is an integral part of the world-renowned Raffles Singapore. The shopping arcade offers an extraordinary experience to discerning shoppers both locally and from around the world. It houses over 35 international and regional fashion and designer stores, as well as the popular Raffles Shop with fascinating memorabilia and collectibles available for purchase. Resident HistorianExperience a tour with Raffles Singapore’s very own Resident Historian Leslie Danker who has been with the hotel for almost 40 years. 24-Hour Butler Service At Raffles Singapore, we want our hotel guests to feel the ultimate service from our hearts. Delivering a high level of discreet and attentive service is the role of the Raffles butler. We call that ‘service with a gentle breeze’. The butler team can also make arrangements for babysitting services, offer children’s amenities such as toys and games, should you require them.

William Somerset Maugham’s ‘the Lotus Eater’

Q: Sketch the character of Thomas Wilson. Is the name ‘lotos-eater’ appropriate to him? Ans. William Somerset Maugham’s compelling short story ‘The Lotus Eater’ paints his curious meeting with Thomas Wilson, the pivotal character of the story. A retired English bank manager, Wilson, who made the Italian island Capri his own abode, had a good deal of rumour going about him. No believer of all the tittle-tattle that went about him on the island and elsewhere, the author met him personally to discover his real character. When the author met him for the first time, Wilson, a middle-aged fellow, had already spent fifteen years on the island. As Wilson himself revealed to the author, he fell in love with Capri at first sight. Capri was an island of superb sights and sounds so much so that Wilson would enjoy them heartily until the last day of his life. After his retirement, he lived on an annuity that was to last for only twenty-five years, and he wished to live these years to his heart’s content. He was a man who would live in the present caring little about the future. To Wilson, he had justifiable reason to live after his own heart, since he had none on earth to worry about. He loved nature, music and books, which alone could feed the thoughts of a lonely man like him. He preferred leisure to work, for he believed that people worked only to obtain leisure. Small wonder, after the expiry of his annuity, Wilson fell on worst days and lost the will-power to carry his life any further. With no hopes to live for, Wilson once made an attempt to commit suicide. Though he survived the mortal attempt, he was no longer in his right mind. Then one fateful morning, he was found lying on the mountainside with his eyes closed for ever. The author recalled Wilson saying that he had come to the island on a moonlit night. Hence, he assumed that Wilson had breathed his last while feasting his eyes on a breath-taking sight in the moonlight. It is noteworthy that the title of the story ‘The Lotus Eater’ is remarkably appropriate to the character of Wilson. The lotus eaters in Homer’s ‘Odyssey’ were the mariners of Ulysses who forgot their friends and homes after consuming the ‘lotos’ plant on Lotus-land. Having consumed the plant, the mariners broke into a memorable chorus. The chorus worded the anguish that came with toil, as also the joy that they had in that blissful life of leisure and inaction.

Higher Education Challenges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Higher Education Challenges - Essay Example long-standing problems such as racial inequity in education, new challenges like economic recession and falling value of dollar have only made the problem worse to such an extent that it is feared that US needs urgently to reform its higher education system or it will lose its unique position of strength and competitiveness.   (Blue Ribbon Commission) The Blue Ribbon Commission on Higher education further observes: â€Å"Out of every ten 9th graders nationally, only three will obtain an associate’s or bachelor’s degree on time. These results simply are not good enough. We need more people attending and finishing college with a certificate or degree in order to keep up and move up in the global economy.†Ã‚  (Blue Ribbon Commission)    In order to maintain its global competitiveness, the US society should not afford to underestimate the importance of its human resource.   This is even more so important in this new knowledge-based economy where knowledge is its main capital.   Proportion of public funding on higher education has declined over the years in many states.   For example, the state of Connecticut in 1989 received 6.6 percent of the state’s budget.   It declined to 3.9 percent in 1997 and then rose slowly to a peak of 4.5 percent in 2001.   It is again estimated to be 3.9 percent for 2010 budget, matching 1997 low of 3.9 percent.   The trend of reduction in proportional funding within the higher education over the period of 1990s was typical for many states.   This led to the rise in tuition fees for several students.   (Connecticut Public Higher Education)   Such rising costs did not serve the cause of already reeling Blacks and other economically disadvantaged class.   (Johnson)   In the meantime, US has been reduced to only two nations where young population (25-34 years old) is less educated than its older population (35-44 years old)   (Blue Ribbon Commission). This reflects how terrific the situation is, when it comes to higher education.   Over

The Artist in His Studio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Artist in His Studio - Essay Example Rembrandt painted in the Dutch Baroque School. He was born in Leiden, Holland in 1606 and died in Amsterdam in 1669. (Broos et al.) His parents were lower class and had no artistic background. He was one of 10 children. His father was a milliner and his mother worked in a bakery. (Broos et al.) They sent Rembrandt to a school to study Latin. In his life, he painted over 600 paintings, 300 etchings and 1400 drawings. ( He reached the height of his career in 1642 with the Night Watchman.(Broos et al.) He also had the emotional shock of losing his wife and not painting as much afterwards. North of Europe was free from the Church. They did not have the patronage system and were freer to paint what they chose. The Baroque school was interested in form and lines. They did not paint religious works as other countries did. Light and realism were important. The Artist in his Studio. 1626-1628 . It is written that it is oil on wood, oil on a panel or oil on canvas depending on the sources. The Museum of Fine Arts in Boston is listed as canvas and on wood according to different listings. The genre is in the interior of a room which looks empty. Rembrandt painted it when he was 20 years old. ... His studio is simple and poor but his clothes and the size of the canvas show that he is rich. On the table there is a small miniature portrait of Jesus There are also one bottle and two bowls. The shapes of the bowls, the artist the painters table and the palette are round in form. The exact description of the objects have been important as to explain Rembrandts study in line and texture. His study of lines, light and perspective becomes part of the traits of the Baroque School. Â  Rembrandt was a master at linear study. (Westermann) The perspective of this work is from the top left corner wall to the right. If the viewer really looks there is a second linear perspective from the artist up to the canvas. There are multiple 90Â ° angles: the corners of the floor, the table, the easel, the door, the panels of the parquet floor, the table top which we cannot see. the canvas, the shadows of the easel, the line going from the canvas to the painter etc.. There are fewer 45Â ° angles: t he easel, the line from the corner of the room to the center of the room, the line from the back of the easel to the artist, and the canvas. In addition, one can say, it is a study of straight lines. In addition there are the lines of the parquet floor, the door, the lines going up to the ceiling. Lines and angles were part of the Baroque School. The triangles of the painting differ in size as they create the effect of the room being small. The easel is largest piece in the room as the angle of the corner of the room doesn't finish into a triangle. He is holding his painting clothe (chamois) where it shows a right angle. His clothing shows an angle in the way his scarf is around his

Life of galileo lalilei Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Life of galileo lalilei - Research Paper Example His views that the Earth is not the center of the Universe therefore created more resentment and opposition than the work of any other scientist during that era. However, despite the opposition of the mighty, the ideas of Galileo prevailed and the world was able to develop a modern system of astronomy and physics which has evolved and culminated into the current model of science. Society has therefore benefited a lot from his work and how it really shaped the way science as a whole has evolved over the period of time. This paper will therefore argue that Galileo Galilie was a rebel scientist and his ideas and work has greatly changed the way is now progressing. The overall context of his work will also be presented. Galileo Galilie Born in 1564, Galileo became one of the most important scientists in the history of science who laid the foundations for the modern science. During his early life, he seriously considered to become a priest however, due to his father’s insistence he went on to study in the University of Pisa for a medical degree. However, he was not able to complete his degree and went on to study mathematics instead of medical sciences. It was during that era that his overall interests for the mathematics and other physical sciences started to develop. He was later appointed on different teaching assignments and his real contribution towards science started to emerge during the early part of the 17th century. At University of Padua he was able to develop different scientific theories and contributed not only towards the pure fundamental science but towards the applied science also. Galileo therefore is also famous for his contributions for inventing new technology and setting the foundations for technological innovations. (Hilliam) During that time he went on to make some of the most important discoveries and invented many equipment which allowed scientists to perform mathematical calculations relatively easily. It was also during that period that Galileo started to evolve as one of the most established scientists of his time. The conflict between the Galileo’s discoveries and scientific faith however, was believed to be in direct conflict with the established religious orthodox thought of that time. Over the period of time, Galileo through his hard work produced scientifically accurate theories however the unacceptability of his ideas despite the fact that Galileo was a religious person all through his life. It was also because of his religious beliefs that he could not take up his illegitimate daughters and asked them to spend most of their lives in church. (McNeese) He was accused of heresy and was later sent for inquisition which he survived only after retracting from his earlier position thus giving Church time to establish and re-establish its own authority. Scientists as Rebels It is argued that scientists always remained rebels as throughout the entire history of Science; scientists have uncovered or disc ussed issues that were considered as unacceptable as per the norms of the society. This tendency seems to continue till today where scientists, despite their innovation and creativity are still considered as agitators because what they discuss and achieve may take time to get the acceptance

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS FIBRE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS FIBRE - Essay Example The respiratory system is the primary portal of entry for asbestos into the human body. Therefore, like as it is relevant to understand the applicability of techniques and selected instrumentation for analysis of environmental samples, it is equally important in determination of asbestos content from biological samples. Based on its on its fibrous morphology, asbestos is recognized as being a pathogenically active dust. Once inhaled, asbestos has continuous influences on cellular, biochemical, and molecular events in the human body. These complementary stimuli in synergy with the fibrous morphology of asbestos can result in irreversible cellular damage and in some cases the development of tumors. Various countries have sought to deal with asbestos and public health through regulatory guidance documents. This is necessary since asbestos mixtures are frequently used in industry, particularly chrysotile with either amosite or crocidolite. Moreover, exposures to "contaminant" noncommerci al amphiboles are common in miners and millers of chrysotile, talc, and vermiculite in some geographical locations. Therefore, there has been an acknowledged risk when the person is subjected to the exposure of asbestos, and these risks are health risks to create potential health problems even years after the exposure ceases. To prohibit these there are regulations from different authorities, which ideally would ascertain safety by eliminating and minimizing risks for the workers. These regulations should be guided by this risk and risk assessment approach. In this critical review, an assessment of different regulations will be done to examine how far these regulations have been guided by the concept of risk to control occupational exposure of asbestos (Bartrip, 2004, 72-76). Review: There is a perceived need for this critical review for various reasons. Practically, exposure to asbestos is very difficult to characterize. Moreover, there is a continued debate since there is an important confounding factor to determine the aetiology of any particular pathology. A strict separation of minerals goes beyond "asbestos" but involves two separate classes of the amphiboles, which collectively make up a great percentage of the earth's crust. The amphiboles occur in both forms and are not fibrous and do not look like asbestos, although they are basically asbestos. For those that are not fibrous and termed nonasbestiform, the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ruled in 1992 that "available evidence supports a conclusion that exposure to nonasbestiform cleavage fragments is not likely to produce a significant risk of developing asbestos-related disease" (OSHA, 1992) Similar problem has been reported from the British areas, but from the point of view of causation of the disease, this appears immaterial which form of asbestos has caused the disease. The grouping of the three commercial asbestos minerals is usually supplemented by the addition of the three "noncommercial" asbestiform amphiboles tremolite, actinolite, and

Illogic of american Racial Categories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Illogic of american Racial Categories - Essay Example The illogical aspect of American racial categories raises questions on how a standard criterion can be reached at. Another question many people are concerned about is what led to overriding debate on racial categorization despite anatomical homogeneity of humanity. In the opinion of Paul, there is innate competitive trait in humanity that seeks to rank races in terms of superiority. For instance, in United States non-Hispanic race feels more superior to the Black immigrants. However, there are cases of individuals with same geographical background still being categorized on other minor basis. Interracial marriages have given rise to an intermediate group which is entangled in identity confusion (Spickard 41). It is therefore illogical to apply political gain strategies in defining what one’s race category is. Considering the untraceable racial mixture of some individuals, it not proper to claim any form of politically motivated criterion. Paul offers an insight into the divergent approaches of defining races and the existing controversy that characterize America in regard to its political inclinations. The bottom line is that racial categorization is relative and any attempt to apply politics amounts to the illogic

History of Science - review a chapter of Peter Bowler and Iwan Morus's Essay

History of Science - review a chapter of Peter Bowler and Iwan Morus's textbook Making Modern Science (Chapter on Science and - Essay Example In fact, however, scientists and historians have argued for many centuries about the differences between the two, suggesting that pure science is hierarchically different from its applications in the world of work. The chapter explains how some thinkers place science above technology, and others place science below technology, in importance. The authors finally come to the conclusion that the best way to think about these two things is to observe examples and conclude that â€Å"little practical distinction is made between the two.† (p. 401) The authors start with recent times and argue that the most common view in the twentieth century was that science was more pure, and more important because it dealt with ideas and truths. Technology was considered a lesser area of study because it was concerned with merely things. It could be said that this is an idealist position, because it is theoretical, and imaginary, rather than concrete and applied. An interesting aspect of the auth ors’ approach is that it also brings in cultural and political factors. Scientists often see things through a narrow lens, in terms of numbers and theories, as if these things are absolute, but this chapter shows that ideas like Marxism influenced science. This ideology strongly favors a materialistic view of things, and stresses the usefulness of ideas in the real world. For scientists in Soviet Russia, then, technology was seen as more important. Scientists in the Capitalist western countries, on the other hand, continued with old ideas from the Enlightenment, which favored the theoretical over the practical. Another useful comparison is drawn (pp. 396-397) between French and English government approaches to the funding of science in the nineteenth century. In France the government wanted to promote science for its wealth-bringing potential, and funded research very generously, while in Britain there was a more relaxed attitude which left research to be more of a gentlemanà ¢â‚¬â„¢s hobby which was funded by private money. Looking at the world of science today it is interesting to see that these same old debates are still very relevant, because scientists always have to seek various sources of funding for their work. The American contribution to this debate was to emphasize the importance of inventors like Morse and Edison, who used their craft skills and intelligence to improve existing designs and create completely new ones. These men referred to traditional scientists, also, when they needed to solve some problems, which goes to show that theory and practice need to work together if progress is to be made. The chapter contains a number of headings, some of which are indicators of a particular example such as â€Å"steam culture† while others are more fancy such as â€Å"the chicken and the egg† and â€Å"invisible technicians.† These fancy headings do not help the reader to work out what the next topic is going to be. Unlike mos t historical textbooks, this one does not present the facts in chronological order, since it jumps back and forward through the ages, following the arguments for and against the supremacy of science or technology. This can be confusing, since at first it is not clear which way the authors wish the reader to follow. This is a weakness in the chapter, because a lot of the time the reader feels lost, and wondering what the point is that the authors want to make. After

A feminist superhero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A feminist superhero - Essay Example Frida Kahlo mentored by Iris Marion Young, who is a feminist theorist, under whose feministic argument and glow, the superhero sails. The paper exploits the underlying reasons as to why feminists seek liberation as well as how they seek to get that liberation. Frida Kahlo has the power facing the reality as it is fearless. Though she was born in 1907, as she grew up Frida claimed that she was born in 1910 - the year when the Mexican Revolution begun - so that people would directly associate her with the revolution (Chadwick, 2007). Association with revolution signified her fearlessness and ability to go against the social norms of the time. Empowered with the advice of Irish Marion who was very vocal against the gendered positioning of women as objects, Frida revolted against the predominantly held paternalistic ideologies and beliefs of the time (Ferguson & Nagel, 2009). Further, Frida had the ability to communicate her feelings through paintings she was an artist. â€Å"Look at the society in which you have been born and see the image that women are presented. Aren’t they seen as objects in the society?† Marion would ask Kahlo referring to the domination of women by men. â€Å"I had no choice to be born in such a paternal society where male sex is always considered superior to their female counterparts.† Frida responded naively. â€Å"Use then your artistic work to liberate women from the traditional obscurity and bring them to the fore light of recognition in the society.† This mentor’s advice brought hope to solving the historical stalemate that has traditionally positioned women as objects rather than fellow human beings capable of self-expression and independent opinion (Chadwick, 2007). Walking in the light and mentorship of Young Marion, Frida Kahlo staged a revolution through her living experiences and her artworks. Looking through her artwork and paintings,

Logistics Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Logistics Management - Essay Example Logistics management includes channel management, material management, distribution management and supply chain management. Manufacturing and distribution organizations generally use several modes of transportation in the field of domestic and international logistics management. There are four major modes of transports that are being adopted and implemented by the organizations. Transportation is considered as the important link of domestic or international logistics systems. Vehicles that are used in logistics management should have specific necessary properties. Transportation can be defined as the shipment of goods or services from a point of origin to point of consumption through air, road, rail and sea modes. Logistics and freight transportation is important to the economy of a country. Billions of dollars worth of services or goods is being moved by train, truck, barge or ship at any given point of time through international freight transportation process. Transportation in log istics management concerns the movement of goods or services from a source, such as factory, plant or workshop to a particular destination, such as retail stores, customers or warehouses. This transportation or shipments of goods or services can take place via air, water, road, rail, pipeline or cable routes using boats, trucks, trains or plains. The essay will discuss about four different modes of transportation, such as air, water, road and rail. In addition to this, the essay will determine the legal consideration, financial aspects and government actions that are associated with these four different modes of transportation. Discussion Cargo handling is the major objective of a manufacturing and distributing organization in its logistics management process. Cargo handling includes shipment and delivery of goods and services. This cargo handling process is generally done through four major means of transport, such as waterways, roadways, airways and railways. Roadways Logistics Lo gistic trucks are used in roadways logistics management process. Roadways logistics generally play a key role in the cargo handling process even in sub urban, area, small towns and rural areas. Organizations generally use large number of logistics trucks having different shipment capacities. Global business environment has become highly competitive as several manufacturing and distributing organizations are implementing unique operation strategies in logistics management process. Earlier, the organizations were focusing on only high revenue generation and profit maximization. Now-a-days, several leading organizations are focusing on sustainable strategy development process in order to avoid several external and internal issues and challenges, such as environmental issues, legal issues and workplace conflicts. Organizations used to keep logistics trucks with different shipment capabilities in order to supply the shipments of different size. The organizations use trucks with different shipment size based on the amount of orders of several business clients and customers. The operating cost associated with the trucks in the logistics management depends upon the distance of places, size of shipments, size of trucks and amount of equipments used in trucks. Now-a-days, the organizations are using fuel efficient trucks in order to reduce the level of fuel consumption and carbon emission. Fuel consumption and carbon emission are closely interrelated. Hugh consumption of fossil fuel can increase the carbon emission level. Air pollution and several critical human diseases are the major consequences of

Phoenix Agency Roanoke Branch Essay Example for Free

Phoenix Agency Roanoke Branch Essay A parasitic disease is defined as any disease resulting from the presence of any life cycle stage of parasite. Cheyletiella are mites that live on the skin, causing irritation, dandruff, and itchiness. A distinguishing feature of this mite species are the large, claw-like mouth parts. These mites can be found quite commonly on cats, dogs, rabbits, and other species. Though humans are not a natural host for this parasite, Cheyletiella mites can happily live on humans for a while, causing an itchy rash. Cheyletiella parasitovorax, also known as walking dandruff, is a mild dermatitis caused by fur mites in rabbits. It’s often referred to as walking dandruff as the mite can sometimes be seen moving under the dandruff scales. It is primarily transmitted by direct contact between infested and non-infested rabbits. The mites can survive in the environment for several days, so spread may also occur through contaminated hay or bedding. The presence of fur mites is not always easy to determine. When present, Cheyletiella parasitovorax is most likely to be found on the dorsum and neck of the rabbit. Signs and symptoms include thinning of the hair over the shoulders and back, red oily hairless patches over the back and head, dandruff, and mild-to-moderate pruritus. Rabbits may not show any signs of infestation. Though sometimes Cheyletiella mites can be seen moving about on the skin, in many cases they can be quite difficult to find . Diagnosis is made by identification of the mite. This may be possible with the naked eye or using a magnifying glass in heavier infestations. In other cases it may be necessary to examine hair or skin scrapings under a microscope. Examining dandruff, hairs or scrapings of the skin under the microscope can positively identify the mites or eggs. By combing the coat of an infested rabbit over a piece of black paper and observing the paper for â€Å"moving dandruff is another way a diagnosis is made. There are several different treatments available. The veterinarian usually determines which one is best for the rabbit. Most commonly treatment involves a course of either injections or spot on treatments. Dips in lime sulfur and injections of ivermectin have been used to treat an infestation with these mites. The rabbit should be re-examined at the end of the course of treatment to ensure that the infestation has cleared completely. It is just as important to ensure that the environment is properly treated, in order to avoid re-infestation. This is done by removing all hay, bedding, and toys. Once removed disinfect them thoroughly, then use an insecticidal fog or spray that is effective against Cheyletiella. Some veterinarians recommend preventative treatment with kitten-strength Revolution for rabbits who are particularly prone to mite infestations. Dosage amount and frequency will be determined by the size of the rabbit, along with its medical history. There is no vaccine available to prevent this disease. Cheyletiella is considered to be a possible zoonotic infection. Most people are exposed through handling of infested pets. Infection is typically transient and self-limiting in people because constant contact with infected animals is needed to maintain infection with humans. Occasionally humans exposed to this parasite will develop mild skin lesions. These may be itchy and can form open sores in very severe cases. Anyone handling diseased rabbits should thoroughly wash their hands and use appropriate caution to prevent from being infected. Cheyletiella parasitovorax isn’t a reportable disease. I would educate clients about Cheyletiella by use of posters, charts and pictures. I would also send home brochures and websites for them to read over. These materials would describe the cause, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Cheyletiella.

Rituals In Religion For Ancient Rome Theology Religion Essay

Rituals In Religion For Ancient Rome Theology Religion Essay Religion can be simplified as a belief or the faith that is believed to aid people in the problems of life. The beliefs are organized in relation to humanity and the spiritual world. In every religion in the world there are narrative, symbols, traditions and even histories that explain the religion belief. Each religion tries to give a meaning to life as well as explain the origin of life and the universe. Religions matters include rituals, sermons and even commemoration which differ from one religion practice to the other (Adkins Roy, 274). They define this through their religious scriptures and holy places. Religion in Ancient Rome was so intense the Romans regarded it, as theirs. They (Romans) also regarded themselves highly in terms of religion. They even attribute their success in the world to the unity and good relation with their gods. Historically, their leaders claimed to be in direct negotiations with their gods. This in turn made religion among Romans to be a hugely significant aspect. They did all they had to be identified religiously. The leaders were supposed to identify in terms of religion, and they mostly used to be the pontiffs. There is acutely much in the religion of the Romans and the way they carried out their religious practices. The Roman religion was something that was termed as practical and contractual. It was mainly based on knowledge, and the practice of prayer rituals and the sacrifices offered and not based on faith. Rome is thought to be the source of the religion particularly the catholic practice. However other communities in the world had their own beliefs and practices not to mention their religions. However, the Roman Empire is thought to have contributed to significant changes in other religions of the world. What is the impact of religion and rituals in the ancient Rome? The godà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s and goddesses of Rome were identified with the cities and lives in each of the cities. The gods lead people as they were consorted before any actions. They were offered sacrifices frequently in order to please them. The roman religious attitudes resulted to the state cult and influence on political as well as military events. Family heads were responsible in overseeing domestic rituals and players. In the Roman Empire, the issues to do with the religion were left in the hands of the state officials and not in the individuals care. During the ancient times in Rome there existed a number of religious posts where each one of them served a pivotal role in the organization (Rupke, 259). The early times in the roman religion, it was based on spirits and the people did not build mythologies like their Greek counterparts as they believed everything had spirit. The spirits were held responsible for any good or evil in the communities. This obliged th e Romans to keep the spirits happy through various worshipping and sacrifice offering to them. Proper performance of the rituals and the sacrifices was believed to keep the gods happy. The Romans had a practical approach to the issue of religion. This explained why they had a number of gods rather than believe in one powerful god. Their religion was not centrally originating or believed but was comprised of a number of rituals, superstitions and taboos. There also contained different traditions which were collected from different sources over time. Their religion was less spiritual but a relationship with external forces that they believed controlled their existence and well being. Various Origins are credited for the roman religion. Several gods and goddesses were bled for several religious influences. Many of these came via the Greek colonies from the southern part of Italy. Other had their origin from the old religions that existed in society. For example, they had a god known as Diana which was believed to originate from Latin. Many of the rituals and the sacrifices made by the Romans were done as per their belief that the gods and the goddesses needed to be pleased. They also prayed for them to have the good fortune in their actions. Therefore, sacrificial offerings were made to the roman gods. These sacrifices were specific and were highly respected in the society as well as highly ritualized. For example, the sex of animal sacrificed was supposed to correspond with the sex of the goddess or the gods to whom the sacrifice was meant for (Browne, 86). The upper gods were offered white animals and the black ones were offered to the underworld gods. There were public, and even private offerings done statues were erected along the streets and market places. Some of the sacrifices made during games, ceremonies, altar among others. The five posts (Vestal virgins, pontiffs, Haruspex, Flamens Augurs) formed the basis for the sacrifices made by the Romans. Each of the post had a meaning in the Roman Empire. Pontiff s were the advisors to the magistrates the Haruspex was a priest who was greatly regarded in the society and he was for predicting the future. The Augars were used to tell whether the gods were in support of any of the government action. The vestal virgins were never to let out the flame as their duty was to guard the sacred fire. They were also supposed to bake the sacred salt cake for use in a number of ceremonies. They were supposed to remain virgins (Browne, 90). The Roman calendar contained months and corresponding festivals. I.e. each month had festivals that were in honor of their gods. They were comprised of sober, joyful and dignified events. For example in the month of February, people were given 9 days to worship their dead ancestors, at this time businesses were closed, and no marriages were allowed as well as closing of the temples. A number of festivals followed where each occasion had a meaning to the Romans. Religion in the ancient roman religion was incorporated together with the state in their belief system. For example, a sacrifice to the gods or an oath was legally binding. Despite the strict following of religion by the Romans, the survival of religion depended on renewal and also affirmation of their beliefs as time changed as also the social and the attitude changes. Their beliefs were on unconnected traditions where many of them came from Greek rather than Italian foundation. As they lacked core basis of their beliefs, other religions found it easy to establish themselves in the Rome. Some of the cults that managed to find their way into Roman Empire are religions such as the goddess Cybele and Isiris and Osiris from Egypt (North, 44). The initial roman religion continued to be undermined by the increasing impact of the Greek philosophy such as the stoicism which in itself taught that there was a single god. As I summarize, it is clear that the issue of religion in the ancient Rome was rather municipal and not personal. When this is compared to todays Christianity, it is different. This is because in Christianity god is worshiped from the peoples love and the trust they have for him rather than fear as shown by the Romans in the ancient times. The roman took part in offerings to their gods as well as making sacrifices. They went ahead and established family religious practices which were carried out in their homes. They had a number of god and goddesses whom they believed were responsible for watching and take care of them if they treated them in accordance. This explains why the Romans performed the rituals and the actions they did. The roman religion was defined by a set of rules and rituals that were performed in the community. As seen, the religion community, tradition and the community prescribed the rituals that were to be performed at any given time. As time moved on there were changes and people could choose the religious group to follow from different groups that existed. The groups came in between the time of Caesar and Augustine who ruled in the 4th and 5th centuries respectively. The impact of religion in the Roman Empire was felt all over the nation. However, from the incoming religious believes the Romans adopted a number of them and followed them. This left the Romans divided as they did into have their own established religion (Warrior, 7). In the ancient times, religion was interconnected with politics, and it is the politicians who taught the religion as it was treated to be a public matter and not at the individual level. In addition to this, they performed rituals, which were a sign of believe rs and dedication to their gods and goddesses. From the case of Roman religion, it is clear that various rituals were performed which were pivotal in the interaction between the people and the gods/goddesses. Rituals were marked by several event celebrations and public events.

American Marketing Association

American Marketing Association Task one Compare the definitions of Marketing given by the Chartered Institute of Marketing, the American Marketing Association and one other definition of your choice. American Marketing Association (AMA) define marketing as â€Å"the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. According to American marketing Association (AMA) marketing is a key factor of a business. AMA raise standard in marketing as, they want well to hire the right talent in this field of business. Hire people who knows or kin to learn marketing industry trends. AMA wants to put togather a top notch marketing team. So, they can get business and fulfill customers needs effectivly. The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) define marketing as The management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. CIM shows that marketing is a managerial process it is a key fact to bring profit to the business. Identify the customer correctly, encourage them and satisfy coustomer, as a result profit will follow automatically. According to Marks Spencer (MS) Marketing is â€Å"understanding the competitive marketplace we operate in, as well as working closely with suppliers and product teams. All with the aim of providing customers with fantastic choices and great value.† To introduce the MS brand and communicate with the customer and to understand the demands marketing plays an important role in the business. Task two Using Primark as an example, describe how market-oriented they are in terms of their Mission Statement/Main Objectives, Customer Communications and other relevant characteristics. A market economy is an economy based on labour in which the prices of products and services are determined in a free price system and set by supply and demand. June 1969, the first Penneys store opened in Mary Street, Dublin. Within a year, four more stores opened in the Greater Dublin area. In 1971, the first large store opened outside the Dublin in Cork and by the end of that year 11 more stores were opened in Ireland and one in Northern Ireland. By 1973, the number of stores reached 18 in Ireland and Primark began trading in Great Britain with four out-of-town stores. In the next year Primark opened the first UK High Street stores in Derby and Bristol. In the next ten years, 18 stores were added in the UK and nine in Ireland, which bring the number of stores in the UK and Ireland to 22 each. The mission statement of Primark is: â€Å"We aim to make our employees, suppliers and local and wider communities part of our success by working with them in every way we can.† According to Primark this means that: employees have equal opportunities based on merit suppliers are treated fairly local communities are respected and supported by Primark the company takes its environmental responsibilities seriously As Primark is an international business with a global supply chain Primark accept that they have a responsibility to trade ethically. This includes that Primark suppliers live up to their values and behave as well towards the employees. Primark have more than 400 suppliers in over 16 countries. They buy in very large volumes and aim to build long-term relationships with suppliers and gain trust. Primark directly contributes to the employment of more than 700,000 workers across the continents. According to Primark: â€Å"Primark is committed to providing the best possible value for our customers, but not at the expense of the people who make our products.† In Primark employment, there is no forced, bonded or involuntary prison labour. Employers are not required to lodge deposits or their identity papers and can leave any time their employment after reasonable notice. Primark provide an open attitude towards the activities of trade unions and their organisational activities. Employers receive regular and recorded health and safety training, and training repeat for new or rejoined workers. As come to environment there is no child labour in Primark. Primark is a member of the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), an alliance of companies, trade unions and voluntary organisations working on partnership to improve the lives of people working in global supply chains. In India Primark works with an NGO called SAVE which help to understand and address the challenges faced by workers in the communities where Primark products are made. In China we are working with ICO, a non-profit organisation, and are extending our work with other stakeholders. To, make the environment healthy and happy Primark progressively replacing plastic carrier bags with the paper bags. Paper bags are fashionable and reusable. Primark gave plenty of about the business and how they work on there website, which is easily assessable by any user. Products different sizes guide is available on the website including different brands availabilities. Users can easily search the store near their place by the help of store locator available on the website. These all availabilities can make user or customer to assess Primark more easily and safely. Task three Explain the various elements of the marketing concept and how they apply to Primark. The marketing concept is the philosophy that businesses/organisation use to analyse the needs of their customers and make decisions to satisfy those needs, rather than the competition. Today most firms use the marketing concept. Elements of Marketing Concepts: The Production Concept: The production concept is an idea that a firm should focus on those products that it could produce most efficiently and that the creation of a supply of low-cost products would in and of itself create the demand for the products. At the time, the production concept worked fairly well because the goods that were produced were largely those of basic necessity and there was a relatively high level of unfulfilled demand. What ever company produce in low cost and in large quantity was sold out profitably. There weren’t enough competitors in the market. Primark offer good quality fashion at low prices. Success of Primark is based on big volumes, low mark-ups, and minimal advertising. They are the lean business which responds quickly in the marketplace, good buying and excellent distribution. The Sales Concept: As, mass production become commonplace, competition increased, and there is little unfulfilled demand. Firms/businesses practice the sales concept (or selling concept), under which companies not only produce the products, but also try to convince customers to buy their products through advertising and personal selling. The sales concept pays little attention to the product actually as if needed; the goal simply is to beat the competition to the sale with little regard to customer satisfaction. The sales concept is more likely depend on the feedback from customer the sale of the product is fall in the promotions. Primark use this strategy as, they produce wide range of in market fashion clothing. The quality of product as compare to price is very less. Primark do every sort of clothing which is in demand and in fashion. To compete the competitors Primark introduce new and fresh design in the market at the low price. The products and fashion they produce can be worn as causal and as on occasions. The Marketing Concept: Marketing concept involves focusing on customer needs before developing the product. Realising profit by successfully satisfying customer needs over the long-term. Firms typically set up separate marketing departments whose objective it to satisfy customer needs. Primark is always kept eye on the customer satisfaction. Their products are good in quality and more demanding because of the low price. The business of Primark always put customer’s needs before producing their products. Primark produce according to the customer’s demands and needs. What people want to wear in daily routine and on occasions, Primark make sure that those needs provide to their customers at low price. Task four Identify and assess the benefits and costs of a Marketing Approach and how you perceive Primark to have addressed this. Relationship marketing is a process of creating, maintaining and enhancing strong relationship with customers and other stakeholders. Relationship marketing is more focused on to building strong long term relationship with customers. Relationship marketing is important to satisfy and establish relationships with customers and other parties so that objectives of both parties can be met. It is more focused on customer retention with highly customer service and commitment. Primark take good care of suppliers in the first place and then aim to develop long-term relationships. Primark have more than 400 first tier suppliers from where they buy directly less than 2% in the UK or Ireland, while remainder of production takes place overseas. Six out of 10 suppliers have been with Primark for a decade or more. The mutual understanding that results from relationships is essential to being able to offer value in the market. Suppliers know what business want in terms of quality, product specification and lead times; and in return they get stability, large volume orders and payment within 30 days. Task five Identify and explain macro and micro environmental factors which have influenced Primark’s marketing strategy. S.W.O.T stands for Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats. SWOT is the only analysis which deals with both internal and external factors which may influence on business. SWOT analysis will explain the macro and micro environmental factors which have influenced Primark. Strengths: Primark has over 161 stores located. Out of 161 stores 125 are located in the UK. This gives them good business and well recognised in the market. It has an organised business structure according to customers need. Primark offers job opportunities and employs over 27,000 people and offers high street quality clothes for cheap prices and quality services to attract its customers. It provides clothing for all ages and sexes. The company is part of the ETI (Ethical Trading Initiative) which focuses on worker’s rights, their production of goods and bringing businesses together to work on labour rights issues. Weaknesses: Although Primark is a member of the ETI (Ethical Trading Initiative), but there are numerous negative reports concerning its business operations in the way they produce their goods. A study was shown that Primark used child labour to produce their goods. Other issues are with poor working conditions and disvaluing workers rights. The company have problems concerning advertising. Primark does not advertise and this gives competitors the advantage over them. Opportunities: With its already expanding ventures such as opening 47 new stores in the UK, Primark has now opened 7 new stores in Spain to battle along its competition like Zara. Expanding business widely now they have an opportunity to share their high quality products and services overseas and provide high quality clothes to fashion in the market. Threats: Primark’s threats are the competition with other companies such as Zara, HM and other local high street retail businesses. Primark is still working to match the needs of the customer in terms of fashion and uniqueness. Company is still struggling in advertising area whilst their competitors do. That is the biggest threat to the business because Marketing is the key factor to establish the business. Task 6 Take two of the Primark’s products (e.g. baby cloths, Ladies ware etc) and suggest segmentation criteria that could be applied in different markets. Marketing segmentation is the subdividing of a market into distinct subsets of customers, where any subset may be selected as a target market to be reached with a distinct marketing mix. Market segmentation is a design to subdivide target market into a manageable form. Segmenting the market help business make better plan of project. Help to identify profitable market. It is important for business to segment the market to make right decision and identify the market needs. Positioning is, â€Å"The act of designing the companys offering and image so that they occupy a meaningful and distinct competitive position in the target customers minds† (Kotler 1997). Positioning is all about what the customer thinks about the product or organisation. Therefore it is about visibility and recognition of what a product represents for a buyer. Primark targets males, females and children within the mass market. Age of company target customers are from early teens to the middle aged (mostly women buying for the family). It has good positions itself in customer’s minds as the cheapest fashion clothing brand in the UK and does not partake in advertising strategies to emphasise this. However, the positioning strategy only works on differentiating Primark as the cheapest clothing retailer, and does not gain a meaningful position in customers minds as being fashion forward. I would suggest that Primark adopts a positioning concept that emphasises how quickly it responds to new fashions and creates imitations off the catwalk (i.e. product features). Instead of positioning Primark primarily as cheap it would serve them better to create an illusion of youth culture and being fresh and foremost with the newest fashions in a bid to remove associations with mass production and mass culture. One way to overcome on it is, if they would establish an online store, giving Primark an online physical presence also. The teenage / young adult generation of today are highly influenced and dependent on the internet for research, what people want to see, what is in the fashion world, social networking and downloading music. However, many of the online clothing stores target women aged 25-45 who may see ordering online as more convenient (i.e. Next, Debenhams, Little woods, Dorothy Perkins). If Primark open an online store it could position itself as a dominant in the minds of teenagers as the most accessible online store, with the freshest fashions. The only competition currently is New Look which is still more expensive about 50% in the case of jeans, accessories and shoes. Task 7 Outline the factors you believe influence the Primark’s choice of targeting strategy. Primarks products include lingerie, nightwear, footwear, clothing, accessories and even home ware. All the products business provides in the market is very essential. So, it is very easy to approach the target market. Stores are large consists of 2-3 floors and split into two categories such as women wear accessories, menswear underwear, footwear children’s wear. I would suggest that Primark use better visual displays in store by having mannequins with outfit ideas on with the clothing hanging beside. Window displays at Primark look fantastic, but go into the store and it is virtually impossible to find the items. If Primark could put together inspirational displays it would suggest customer that Primark believes in its own clothing, and demonstrates how it can be put together to look fashionable. Moreover, Primark has little in terms of expression and communication as it does not advertise. The only place we can see logo is on shopping bags and on the store logo, suggesting it does not show the reputation of a company and shows the ‘cheap place. To express the brand as being fresh and foremost with the newest fashions they could print coming soon images of new items on their shopping bags for the view of high street shoppers. Also, in keeping with the online store idea, Primark could send weekly emails to customers showing the latest looks, catwalk trends or celebrity outfits. They need to put new policies and rule in the business for advertisements. No doubt they are approaching their target market but business is approaching with ‘cheap shop’ reputation. Company need to work on the marketing process it will change the customers thinking. Instead, of cheap shop it will change into good quality of products. Task 8 Explain how buyer behaviour affects the marketing activities of the Primark using two of its products as example. The Market research report shows the performance of the UK children’s wear market, which comprises clothing designed for under-14 year-olds. Market was valued at  £5.29bn in 2008, following a mixed growth performance. The main sectors of the children’s wear market are: girls’ clothing (ages 2 to 14); boys’ clothing (ages 2 to 14); and infants’ clothing (for under-2 year-olds). The positive influences of the children’s wear market have been countered by changes in UK clothing retailing as a whole since the end of the 1990s. Rise of discount retailers such as Primark, with the growing market show their competitors such as ASDA, Tesco and Sainsbury’s, has exerted a downward pressure on prices, particularly for children’s clothing. In 2008 there was a great deal of price competition on school uniform in 2008, and ASDA eventually offering the cheapest school wear, at just  £4. The UK children’s wear market is very retail-driven, with retailer brands accounting for the greatest share of sales. Major businesses include Adams Kids, Mother care, Marks Spencer, Debenhams, ASDA, Tesco and Primark. The economic downturn, and the recession that began in the UK in 2008, make the retailers to focus on prices, however, despite the difficult economic climate, retailers continued to invest in their brands across all price points. As the child population continuing to rise, the outlook for the children’s clothing market is getting more positive. Expectations are that price influences will dampen growth in 2009 and 2010, before the market begins to show better growth between 2011 and 2013. Design elements, ethical developments and brand investment will drive future growth in the industry. Task 9 Describe how Primark develops its products to sustain competitive advantage. The success story of Primark with regards to international business has been one of the more looked upon cases. Business of Primark shows that it is not enough that the products they are selling to the customers are top of the line. They have to make sure that the products they are producing and selling does have demand from the customers. Primark have to guarantee that the products that they are offering will ensure sale. This could only be done by understanding the market and by establishing great relations with their customers through customer relationship management. Hence, the success of Primark is manifested in the ability of the company to balance both the external and the internal operations of the firm. The demands of the people and the stability of the company to provide those demands are the key ingredients to the overall success of Primark. Task 10 Explain how Primark’s distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience. All suppliers and their factories manufacturer for Primark are covered by Code of Conduct. Primark have an increasingly comprehensive programme of auditing to ensure that suppliers act according to the Code. Audits are carried out by Primark regionally based ethical trade managers. Almost two-thirds of their purchasing spend is with top 100 suppliers. Primark audited 162 suppliers and 340 production sites during the year. 70% of these audits were carried out by specialist external auditors and the remaining 30% by local ethical trade team. Primark targets for 2009 are even more ambitious. They are planning to audit and engage in follow up with factories working for the top 250 suppliers. This will cover 87% of our suppliers by expenditure, and involve over 1,000 audits. All audits and commitment of suppliers with Code of Conduct shows that how important customer’s satisfaction is for Primark. Audits are necessary in the business so that the staff get well qualified and have personal skills for the business and market in which they are working to satisfied and convenience the customer. The quality and price is the main two things that make people to shop from Primark. The stores are all over the country that makes people approach them easily. To be friendly and helpful towards customers and staff, the public need to think that we are a friendly company; this will make them want to come to store. Business treat everybody the same. The people with less money will be treated the same as people that have lots of money. Primark make everyone in the store feel individual, and make everyone feel like they are ‘special’. Task 11 How are Primark’s prices set to reflect their objectives and market conditions? Studies had shown that low-cost retailer such as Primark is the store what people wanted. If we compare other retail companies in the UK, the only thing it does not have is probably the budget chain like Primark clothing. Primark is in the Tertiary Sector; the store buys raw materials from a Secondary Business and sells the products, such as clothing and shoes. It is a large, multinational business. It is quite a well-known business and there are several stores throughout the United Kingdom. Most of people have heard of this store, so it is a strong, well-run organisation. Primark earn plenty of profits, so they are able to provide more products for the public. The businesses objectives are to provide good quality products for the public. Business wants the public to realise that they are a good company and just because products are cheap, it doesn’t mean that they are rubbish. This will achieve by having their products made by people that know what they are doing and test them to check that they are good in quality. To sell goods at reasonable prices; business provide wide range of options to customers, in good quality at reasonable prices. As compare at other stores, selling similar products, and making Primark is low in price. Task 12 Illustrate how Primark integrates their promotional activity to achieve their marketing objectives. In the UK, the retail value-clothing market is growing. At the expense of retailers with more established, quality reputable clothing lines, several companies such as Matalan, Tesco, and Asda are pushing their self to offering consumers low-cost, high-fashion. Primark, a subsidiary of Associated British Foods plc, is arguably the fastest grower with 162 stores in the UK, Republic of Ireland, and a small presence in Spain. Our low prices are the result of technology, efficient distribution and supply, bulk-buying and the fact that we spend almost nothing on advertising. The company is able to negotiate cheap prices from manufacturers in Asia and Eastern Europe because of the high volume of turnover that it focuses on achieving in its stores. It accepts lower profit margins on its products, all in all ensuring price points that are well below anything that the majority of retailers can offer. Primark stores are often heaving with people, messy, and plagued by long queues, but customers know to expect this. Primark, with the slogan looks good, pay less, targets primarily the fashion conscious, price conscious under-35s segment, both males and females. The success of Primark products assortment strategy lies in the ability to find out what is fashionable, design a budget version, and bring it quickly to stores. It takes approximately just 6 weeks from the initial concept stage for Primark to start selling a specific item in stores. However the Primark is not without its problems. It is currently involved in several issues over accusations that it has copied the designs of rival retailers. A more critical current controversy is a report which accuses Primark of serious human rights abuses and sweatshop labour in its Asian factories. Personally I don’t think that their market position will be much affected. Many of their main rivals have undergone similar scrutiny, and the Primark is strong in their approaching marketing strategy that it is quite capable of resisting the charges of the rumour mill. I think that the majority of consumers can expect and will expect to look good and pay less for a long time yet to come. Task 13 Look at the extended marketing mix (7 ’p’ s) and analyse how Primark uses these or otherwise. Marketing professionals use many tactics to attract their customers. These activities comprise of different concepts, the most important one being the marketing mix. The 7Ps of the marketing mix can be discussed as: Product: Basically, it involves introducing new products or improvising the existing products. It must provide value or set price of a product to a customer. Price: Price must be competitive and must be profitable. The pricing strategy can comprise discounts and offers. Place: It refers to the place where the customers can buy the product and how the product reaches out to that place. This is done through different channels, like Internet, wholesalers and retailers. Promotion: It includes the various ways of communicating to the customers of what the company is offering. It is about communicating about the benefits of using a particular product. People: People means the customers, employees, management and everybody else involved in it. It is essential for everyone to realise that the brand reputation that they are involved with is in the people’s hands. Process: It refers to the methods and process of providing a service and is essential to have knowledge on whether the services are helpful to the customers, if they are provided in time, if the customers are informed in hand about the services and many such things. Physical (evidence): It refers that the product physically has to be present in the market. A service has to be goes out to the customer, it is essential that you help them see what they are buying. According to marketing mix 7Ps, Primark use right tactics to attract the customers and run profit business. Primark always introduce the products that attract the people and what people want to see or want to buy. It always brings the product which is according to fashion and always provide with the low price. There are 162 stores all over the country and the product is available in all the stores. Prices remain same of the product in every store. Primark promotes their product quite often because there products are so cheap and everyone can afford it. But, in busy time business put promotions on plenty of their products. Primark is one of the leading companies in the retail market. They are running profitable business and well known in reputation of their prices. The people working in the company are well professional who bring profit for the business. The services provided by the Primark staff are acceptable as they deal with customer about their products and satisfied them. The physical presences of their entire product are according to the people need. Last but not least, the business concentrates on their products and make sure that it is available in the stores. Task 14 Describe how Primark develops its products to sustain competitive advantage. Explain how Primark’s distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience. How are Primark’s prices set to reflect their objectives and market conditions? As we discuss and describe earlier in Tasks 9, 10 and 11 about the Primark development, distribution and prices to approach the customer and satisfied their need. Answer will be the same.

Analysis of Glory Essay -- Movies Film Glory Civil War Essays

Analysis of Glory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glory is a movie about the fifty-fourth Massachusetts regiment in the civil war. This was the first all black regiment the Union ever allowed to fight. Throughout the movie one quote kept proving itself true, â€Å"We went down standing up.† The members of the fifty-fourth proved that they wanted to go down standing up just by joining the army. However there were many situations that proved this further, as the film continued.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the regiment’s training period a message arrived at the camp. This message was a warning that all blacks found by confederates would be put to death, as well as their commanding officers. As a result of this warning Colonel Shaw was accepting any soldier’s resignations on the following morning. That morning Shaw was not expecting to see very many soldiers remaining, but to his surprise most all of the men were still there. With this act the men illustrated great bravery, and a willingness to take a stand for their beliefs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another example of the quote occurred in the black regiment’s training camp. Soldiers were supposed to be paid thirteen dollars a month, but due to the fact that the regiment was black, they were to be paid only ten dollars. The soldiers refused to accept the pay cut and the prejudice that came along with it. They simply went without pay. They may have suffered an injustice by not getting any money for their services, but they would rather not have the money if it meant taking the racism that...

Peter Careys The Fat Man In History Essay -- essays research papers

Peter Carey’s The Fat Man in History Entrapment and Isolation are common attributes of characters throughout several of the stories in The Fat Man in History. This comes across in many forms, both physical and mental. In most of the stories both entrapment and isolation often the result of the interaction of both. Stories which this theme is apparent are Crabs, Windmill in the West, and A Report on the Shadow Industry. In all of these stories characters are both entrapped and isolated by their behaviour and environment. They are not totally entrapped or isolated in all situations as they can change their behaviour to avoid this, however some of the stories depicting characters isolated or entrapped by their environment have less choice in their situation. Crabs was one of the stories where the isolation and entrapment were results of behaviour but later involved environment. The setting we are introduced to is one of isolation portrayed by the every man for himself world. Car owners were the prey of both Karboys and Police with support from no one against these forces. Crabs could have avoided this by having car that was less of a target, or not having a car at all, even though this would have been a difficult sacrifice. This isolation was the cause for his physical entrapment in the drive-in. During his entrapment in the drive in a further isolation was endured by Crabs. His choice of solitude was brought on by himself however, as he had become bored with the world ...

Futsal

Phone +60 019-3058338 Fax +60 089-885378 Email: [email  protected] com TABLE OF CONTENTS2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY3 THE BUSINESS DESCRIPTION4 MARKET ANALYSIS4 VISION STATEMENT5 VISION TRIGGER5 MISSION STATEMENT5 BUSINESS OBJECTIVES6 BUSINESS OPERATIONS6 MARKETING6 Product6 Price6 Place7 Promotion7 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS8 LEGAL STRUCTURE8 MANAGEMENT EXPERTISE8 SUPPORT PERSONNEL8 FINANCIAL INFORMATION9 SUMMARY12 TABLE AND EXHIBITS Table 1 – 12 Month and 3-year Sales Forecasts and Related Promotional Costs7 Exhibit 1 – One Year Cash flow Projection _________________________10Exhibit 2 – Why Play Futsal 13 Exhibit 3 – The Pitch-Measurements and Size15 Exhibit 4 – Equipments Supplier and Installer _______________________16 Exhibit 5 – Example Pictures of a Futsal Court______________________17 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this business plan is to setup an Indoor Football Court or its familiar name known as Futsal. The business will be owned by K. H Le e and three other partners and will be located in leased space that has a radius of 1 kilometre from the town of Lahad Datu. The owner will provide with the land at an agreed rental paid on a monthly basis for 10 years.The business will serve as the first Indoor football court to the generally upscale target market of Lahad Datu. Based on the financial and competitive analysis presented in this plan, LD de Futsal will be successful. The cash flow projection, Exhibit 4, One-Year Cash Flow Projection, indicates break-even analysis including the shareholder’s draw of RM30, 000 for the first year of operations. It is anticipated that LD de Futsal will become firmly established and known throughout the East Coast area in the next three years with the potential of multiple locations.The LD de Futsal distinctive logo, its reputation for an Indoor football atmosphere, plus its slogan, â€Å"The Ultimate Indoor Football Experience! † will provide a distinctive competitive edge. The Initiator, K. H Lee has founded two highly successful businesses in the East Coast area. The initiator holds a graduate Management Technology degree from the School of Management, Malaysia Technology University, Malaysia. THE BUSINESS DESCRIPTION LD de Futsal will be a start-up Indoor Football located in leased space within a radius of 1 kilometer from Lahad Datu Town. A ninety-day option has been taken on this location.The estimated opening date is July 2008. K. H Lee, who has founded two highly successful businesses in the area, during the last 3 years, will own the business with three other partners as a partnership. Each of his business, Lee Kim Huat reached its break-even point within a year. LD de Futsal will be an upscale court which is the first in town and with new flooring technology never to be used by other Futsal Court at a very reasonable price. LD de Futsal will be successful because it is based on solid market research demonstrating there is a demand for a Futsa l Court in Lahad Datu.It will be located in the most desirable area, and the owner has a five-year track record of proven success. As the first Indoor Football court, no doubt it will be a success if managed by the right individuals. MARKET ANALYSIS Futsal has its roots in South America but has spread to around 100 countries. It is the only indoor soccer game recognized by FIFA, the international soccer governing body. The USFF estimates more than 70,000 play Futsal in the United States. In Malaysia, Futsal facilities have grown like mushrooms and the businesses have very positive prospects and are selling like ‘hot breads’.Verbal survey on this business shows that the trend of youngsters with love in football has driven them as far as to Sandakan and Tawau just for this 60 minutes Futsal Game. There is a very big and untapped market for Indoor Football in East Cost generally and the district of Lahad Datu specifically. VISION STATEMENT In three years, LD de Futsal will be established and known throughout the East Coast area and expansion plans from two courts to five courts will be in the planning stages. We focus on providing superb facilities at value for money prices. Together with our customer orientated service, we strive to serve you our customer better.We are truly The Ultimate Indoor Soccer Experience! To represent and serve all FUTSAL Fans with emphasis on succeeding to be a profitable business. VISION TRIGGER The main vision trigger will be the catchy slogan: â€Å"The Ultimate Indoor Football Experience! † The vision trigger will emphasize a fun, family atmosphere that people of all ages and sexes can enjoy. This will include quality customer service, our standard football court with latest floorings and nettings technology, and a selection of food and drinks to meet the needs of individual customers. MISSION STATEMENT LD de Futsal’s mission is presented below:We, the employees and management of LD de Futsal, make this pl edge to you, our valued customers: We pledge that we will provide an Indoor football experience in a prompt and friendly manner. We pledge that we will at our best prepare this place for the ultimate Indoor football experience that meet the standards of football for the district of Lahad Datu and the state of Sabah. We pledge that we will be good citizens, respectful of the environment, and friendly neighbors to the surrounding businesses. We pledge to put safety a high priority so you can visit with friends or family with peace of mind.We pledge that we will be responsive to your suggestions and concerns. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES LD de Futsal’s will have these business objectives during the first two years of operation: 1. Owners draw of RM30, 000 by the end of Year 1. 2. Cash break-even by the end of Year 2. 3. Owners draw of RM50, 000 by the end of Year 2. BUSINESS OPERATIONS The operations of LD de Futsal will be described using the main functions of the business: marketing, c ompetitive analysis, legal structure, management expertise, support personnel, and financial information.MARKETING Product -Futsal Court for a 60 minute game. -Drinks and snacks to cater for our customer’s need. -Sports items such as jersey’s and Indoor Football gears. Price A comprehensive survey was made based on other Indoor football court, the price for a 60 minute game ranges from RM80 to RM 120 depending on the size of the court. For the starting of this business, we are planning to setup a medium size court in which a 60 minute game will cost RM90. This is a very reasonable price in which for a full game, an individual will only have to pay RM6. 0 per/person (considering a team consist of 7 players). Place The place, which has a radius of 1 kilometer from the main town of Lahad Datu, is the most ideal place and most strategic for now and the future. Reason being is that we can save on marketing as the location which is located by the main roadside will be a mark eting point itself and in the same time, incase of any other competitor in the future, we are by far a better location. Study has also shown that population growth has been steadily increasing in Lahad Datu.By setting up our business in the radius of 1 kilometer area from the town, it is much easier for individuals to locate and skip all the traffic after working hours. Promotion LD de Futsal will be promoted with a variety of marketing methods: A grand opening will be held with a local Band providing the music and entertainment. LD de Futsal will hold their 1st free court introduction where teams can register and play for free for 1 hour on the opening ceremony day and offer free drinks to players and guests. One and three-year sales forecasts are presented in Table 1 together with anticipated promotional costs.TABLE 1 12 month and 3-year Sales Forecasts and Related Promotional Costs Years Sales Revenue Promotion One 252,000 4,000 Two 324,000 6,000 Three 360,00010,000 COMPETITIVE A NALYSIS The prospective initiator decided not to conduct a personal survey to obtain the information regarding the competitive analysis due to there is no Futsal court yet in the district of Lahad Datu and there is no serious competition from competitior at the time of this planning. LEGAL STRUCTURELD de Futsal will be operated as a partnership owned by K. H Lee and 3 other partners. MANAGEMENT EXPERTISE The initiator has been involved in setting up a lot of businesses in which the end result aims are to be a profitable business in the shortest and fastest way. His father is a very well-known Entrepreneur and he has traveled around with him to many different countries. He has grown up around the East Coast and has a good track record in all education, sports and business. The initiator holds a graduate Management Technology degree from the School of Management, Malaysia Technology University, Malaysia.K. H Lee has been involved in many sports activities and was once a state player f or Badminton and Basketball. K. H Lee’s extensive business activities have used several reputable Lahad Datu professionals who provide services to the business. SUPPORT PERSONNEL The business will operate using either family, sports enthusiasts and high school students as its principal employees to reflect a youthful, family oriented image consistent with its vision trigger. The manager will be from the initiator’s family member who has vast experience dealing with sports and the people of Lahad Datu.Employees will receive advices and gather for short meetings from time to time to help job performance and politeness. The majority of the employees will be family who will work part-time with a full-time manager. Three students will also be hired on a part-time basis depending on the needs of the daily operations. Student employees will work for RM5 per/hour and initially with an opportunity for pay increases. A policy of promotion from within will be adopted. FINANCIAL I NFORMATION FINANCIAL OBJECTIVES The following objectives are for the first two years of LD de Futsal: 1. Owner draws RM30, 000 by the end of Year 1. . Cash break-even by the end of Year 2. 3. Owner draws RM50, 000 by the end of Year 2. One-Year Cash Flow Projections The items in Exhibit 4, One-Year Cash Flow Projection, have been arranged in a specific way: sources of cash (cash receipts), cash needed to purchase assets (equipment), cash needed to pay expenses (rent), cash needed to pay liabilities (payroll taxes), and owner’s draw. SOURCES OF CASH 1. Personal Funds. The owner will invest RM 50, 000 into the business. 2. Loan Proceeds. The owner will borrow RM50, 000 from the Bank as a five-year revolving line of credit at 8. %. Interest will be charged only on the amount actually borrowed with principal payments of RM8, 000. This information was provided by one of the leading bank in Malaysia 3. Cash Receipts from Business. RM15, 000 in cash receipts net of sales taxes is es timated monthly. This projection involves court hiring, soft drinks and purchase of sports gear. This is a very conservative estimate of cash receipts. A 3 year experienced Futsal business manager estimates that the industry average cash flow for a start-up Futsal court is RM8, 000 monthly. EXHIBIT 1 | | | | | | | | | | | |One-Year Cash Flow Projection | | | | | | | | | | | |Sources of cash | | | | | | | |1.Funds (Owners) | | | | | 320,000 | | |2. Loan Proceeds | | | | |- | | |3.Cash Receipts from Business (Gross) | |252,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total Sources | | | | |572,000 | | | | | | | | | | |Uses of Cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |4.Equipment/Supplies | | | |70, 000 | | |5. Vehicle Purchase/Lease | | | | – | | |6. Real Estate | | | | | – | | |7. Fixtures | | | | |200,000 | | |8. Security Deposits (Rent and Utility) | |15,000 | | |9.Signs | | | | | |5,000 | | |10. Leasehold Improvements | | |- | | |11. Cost of Goods Sold | | | | 12,000 | | |12. Telephone and Utilities | | | | 24,000 | | |13. Rent | | | | | |60,000 | | |14.Business License Fee | | | |25 | | |15. Insurance Premiums | | | |5,000 | | |16. Office Supplies | | | |1,000 | | |17. Legal and Accounting | | | |800 | | |18. Advertising | | | | |2,000 | | |19.Real Estate Taxes | | | |- | | |20. Miscellaneous Expenses | | |1,000 | | |21. Payroll Taxes and Benefits | | |20,000 | | |22. Payroll Wages (Excluding Withholdings) | |14,400 | | |23. Loan Payments (Principal and Interest) | |- | | |24.Owners Draw | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total Uses | | | | |430,225 | | | | | | | | | | |Net Cash Flow for the Year (Sources Minus Uses) | |141,775 | USES OF CASH 4. Equipment/Supplies. Basic equipment cost is estimated to be RM140, 000. This includes counters, refrigerators, nettings and floorings installation. A well known equipment supplier supplied this information. 5. Fixtures. Fixture costs will total RM200, 000 based on an estimate from Stadio de Futsal,Tawau . These costs will include the building setup, purchasing tables, chairs, and all removable service items. 6. Security Deposits. Security and other deposits will include RM10, 000 for lease-related deposits and RM5, 000 for a month rental for a total of RM15, 000. 7. Signs.LD de Futsal will have two giant signs, one posted on the front of the building and the other near the road. The signs and installation will cost RM5, 000 according to Springville Sign Store. 8. Cost of Goods Sold. Cost of goods sold is based on the sales projection of $180,000 and is estimated to be an average of 35% of sales totaling $63,000. A 12 year veteran Mexican restaurant owner in Springville provided this information. 9. Telephone and Utilities. Lahad Datu District Council, Electric, and Telephone Company estimates telephone and other utilities at RM1, 200/month for an annual total of RM24, 000. 10. Lease Expense. The first three months are rent-free.There will be a maintenance fee of RM500/month for com mon areas and rent is based on /sq. ft. of the building space. Rent totals RM60, 000, with RM5, 000 payments monthly. 11. Business License Fee. This business license fee based on business revenue (2. 5% of gross revenue) will be RM25 (License and Permits Office, Lahad Datu). 12. Insurance Premiums. An ordinary Insurance Agency based in Lahad Datu, estimated annual premiums at RM5, 000. This will cover theft, fire, accident, workman’s compensation, and all other types of insurance. 16. Office Expense. This item includes all office-related expenses including copying and paper supplies. The owner will perform all of the office duties.Total is estimated at RM1, 000 annually based on the initiator’s previous experience. 17. Legal and Accounting. A friend that practices law and is currently working with a law firm will provide basic bookkeeping, accounting, and legal services. She has a bookkeeping subsidiary, Business Bookkeeping that specializes in low cost bookkeeping. Th is friend of mine will be engaged for the bookkeeping providing tax preparation and other professional services. The total estimated annual cost is RM800 18. Advertising and Promotion. RM2, 000 will be allocated to the advertising campaign. This firm will advertise by using flyers, newspapers, banners and bunting. 9. Miscellaneous Expenses. RM1, 000 has been estimated for miscellaneous expenses based on information provided by a Futsal Court owner. 20. Payroll Taxes and Benefits. These total RM20, 000. Fifteen percent of wages include EPF, SOCSO, COLA and manager benefits. 21. Payroll. Wages total RM14, 400. This total includes 350 workdays, with 3 employees working 5 hours a day at $6. 00. The manager will work 8-hour days and be paid $11. 00 per hour. Payroll includes manager’s annual salary, employer taxes, unemployment insurance, and worker’s compensation, but does not include withholdings. SUMMARY Compadre’s Mexican Restaurant will be successful.The busines s plan has documented that the establishment of Compadre's Mexican Restaurant is feasible. All the critical factors such as industry trends, marketing analysis, competitive analysis, management expertise, and financial analysis support this conclusion. We invite you to attend our grand opening. Go to â€Å"Compadre’s – where we know your name! † EXHIBIT 2 Why Play Futsal? †¢ Fun – Players enjoy the challenge of playing a fast paced skill oriented game that tests their abilities. †¢ Safety – Futsal is much safer than traditional indoor soccer. Indoor soccer can be a violent game with extremely physical play such as players being â€Å"boarded† into the walls. The rules of Futsal restrict physical play, and there are no walls to run into. Ball Touches – In a statistical study comparing Futsal to indoor soccer with walls, Futsal players touched the ball 210% more often than indoor soccer players. †¢ Ball Control – W ith Futsal, the emphasis is clearly on control and technique. Without control and technique you cannot expect to succeed in Futsal. With limited space, boundary lines, and constant opponent pressure, improved ball control skills are required. †¢ Speed of Play – With limited space and constant opponent pressure, players learn to play fast to survive. †¢ Continuity of Play – Action is continuous so players are forced to continue play in support of their teammates. †¢ Mandatory Support – Without a wall as a crutch, players must make supporting runs when their teammates have the ball.With only 4 field players on the field and always needing the proper support positions offensively and defensively, a player will instinctively learn better spacing, passing and general tactics from playing Futsal. Players without the ball must move to space and must truly support their teammates. †¢ Framing the Goal – The goal and Penalty Area are a perfect s ize for narrowing the angle so teams learn to frame the goal to score goals. †¢ Knowledge – With four court players and all the basic options of the outdoor game, players’ understanding of the game is enhanced. †¢ Encouraged Learning – The rules of Futsal encourage playing a skilled game by punishing all physical contact fouls. Rewards – Futsal rewards the same basic skills, tactics and knowledge of the game as the 11v11 outdoor game. †¢ Cost – Many people think the cost of indoor soccer is expensive, but when compared to other activities it is actually quite reasonable. Depending on the number of players, the average cost per player for a night of soccer is around RM7-RM8. Compare this to going for badminton which the cost of two shuttlecocks has already exceeds RM8, or even to the movies along with the customary snack and drink, the price is very reasonable and healthier. EXHIBIT 3 THE PITCH The pitch and appurtenances are shown in the following illustration: EXHIBIT 4 EQUIPMENTS 1- NETTINGS 2- FLOORINGS WR Flooring specializes in sports flooring such as tennis, Futsal, adminton, running tracks, squash court, gym room and other indoor and outdoor sports. WR flooring has been developed to give customers the best quality and warranty possible for sports flooring. The company is confident of giving the best product and services to cater for the need of a good sports environment. EXHIBIT 5 EXAMPLE OF FUTSAL COURTS (Courtesy of Sports Planet) Main entrance (Side Picture) Inside The Futsal Court Simple Structure for One Court (Beams and Floorings) A view of the Courts with side nettings Cafe for the thirsty players & registration counter Walkways for viewers and players An example of a game that’s on going A side view of the court with special floorings specifically for indoor football

Article Critique Essay

The thought that associate exclusion is cor tie in with childrens enlightenroom achievements and adjustment has been hypothesized since the 1930s. Much research and information- base evidence for much(prenominal) hypotheses live since been imperturbable, and calculate to agree with the premise of the correlation. comrade toleration is the principal(prenominal) measurement of this admit. In tell with other types of colleague relationships, comrade root acceptance, or rejection, is strongly connected with academic readiness and achievement.This name focuses on ally sentiments and its imprint on childrens adjustment. It differs from prehistorical studies in that its approach is to measure non-observable feelings roughly contourmates, rather than only the observable interactions. The article begins by outlining past research, and developing a premise for the orbit from those previous studies. The main film that this research builds upon is that of a 2001 hold by Eric S. Buhs and Gary W. Ladd, who also conduct this study along with Sarah L. Herald.The premise of the study, based on the 2001 study, is that once splitmates express negative feelings and actions upon a ally, those feelings and actions act as a tangible marker for advertize rejection by the big colleague grouping, and the spurned child as well as a result, the rejected peers argon flagged by their peers, and are left hand out of classroom interactions, and as a consequence, the rejected childs larn is impacted ultimately guide to visit levels of achievement (Buhs, Ladd, and Herald, 2006, p. 2).The prior 2001 study entrap that early peer rejection was negatively related to later achievement and that this association was partly mediated with peer vilification and declining classroom participation, respectively (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 2). The authors developed a guesswork that built upon their previous study. Their hypothesis was stated as, it was hypothesized tha t prolonged peer misuse increases the probability that children get out disengage from classrooms (or the enlighten context) and that increasing disengagement impairs childrens achievement.Thus, it was predicted that long-run rather than shorter histories of peer maltreatment, after authoritative for contemporary exclusion or abuse, would mediate the link betwixt early peer rejection and later classroom disengagement (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). The authors foster state that their purpose for conducting this study was to brace the gap between the limitations of the previous study (it was only a cardinal stratum study that attempted to predict students coming(prenominal) outcomes) by conducting a more across-the-board longitudinal study invariablyyplace a six year period (kindergarten through fifth grade).MethodologyThe research study constructed six variables to measure the children with. They include, peer group acceptance/rejection, peer exclusion, peer abuse, classr oom participation, school avoidance, and achievement. Peer group acceptance/rejection was conceptualized to mean the extent to which individuals were liked/ dislike by classroom peers, and operationalized by sociometric ratings that were collected from peers during kindergarten. One problem with this operationalization is the ability to comprehensively scale the professedly feelings of one peer toward another, especially during younger years.Scales, questionnaires, and observations efficacy be too incomplete to capture the true meaning behind the dynamics of peer to peer interactions. Another abbreviate is of how to approximate separate peer groups. Many generation classrooms encompass only a plectrum of developed peer groupings throughout the grade, and might be unfairly balanced toward one group. An example of groupings would be delimitate by the terms, popular, punk, or nerds. The research might be biased toward one group, if only because they were over represented in a c lass room.The variable Peer animadversion was conceptualized as the extent to which children were the target of peers nonaggressive rejecting behaviors, including behaviors such as ignoring, avoiding, or refusing to associate with them in the classroom context (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). The Variable Peer Abusethe second form of peer mistreatmentwas conceptualized to mean the extent to which children were recipients of classmates aggressive and harassing behaviors (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). These two variables contained indicators to distinguish between chronic peer abuse, and situational peer abuse.Again, the disoblige that arises is the effectiveness of these measures. The interactions between childhood peers are complex, and muckle change daily. The variables classroom Participation, and coach Avoidance were used to measure disengagement from the classroom surround. A large final result with this is how to distinguish individuals who might be avoiding class as an outcome of separate circumstances. If scurvy participation and avoidance was only ascertained from the angle of peer interactions, then this subdue is biased toward the study.The study is seeking a correlation, and if outside factors arent controlled for, then they will biasly effect the results of their study. A childs family life, neighborhood, economic status, innate ability, among other factors, could mildew all of the variables that this study examines. The last variable, Achievement, was defined as the accuracy with which children could solve increasingly more advanced reading, mathematics, and spelling problems on an individualized achievement rise (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 4).The issue that comes to mind with this variable is the way it uses tests to eager achievement. Some students fare soften on tests than others, while some students fuck off time to develop adequate test taking skills. Another problem is how to control for separate curriculums in different classrooms, and the choice of what is being taught.Data (From the text) Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 5 Participants The data used in this investigation were self-contained from a total take of 380 children (190 girls These children were followed longitudinally from age 5 (kindergarten) to age 11 (fifth grade31 kindergarten class rooms across 10 schools, and by the fifth-grade data collection period, children were in 162 different classrooms across 32 schools.The sample contained nearly equal proportions of families from urban, suburban, or countrified midwestern communities, and the samples heathen composition was 17. 4% African American, 77. 1% Caucasian, 1. 6% Hispanic, and 3. 9% other. Family incomes were distributed as follows 10. 9% of the sample reported total sept incomes from $0 to $10,000, 10. 9% reported incomes from $10,000 to $20,000, 12.6% reported incomes from $20,000 to $30,000, 12. 6% from $30,000 to $40,000, 12. 9% from $40,000 to $50,000, and 40. 3% reported incomes above $50,000. Results The study reports its results as, peer group rejection is predictive of a range of chronic, negative peer behaviors that whitethorn alter both the social environment of the classroom and childrens adaptive responses indoors that context across the elementary school years. (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 11). It suggests that the facet of peer exclusion leading to reduced participation, and ultimately delayed achievements of necessity further study.It goes on to say that with further study, and thus more knowledge, an empirically based intervention program can be developed. Conclusion It can be argued that to expect a complete understanding of the ever evolving and complex world of the social interactions in a school environment is reason to impossible. The authors came into their study with a set premise, and expectations of the outcomes, and take on seemed to found what they were searching for. The question becomes, how logical are the authors findings, and can they be applie d in a general manner across knowledge environments.I believe studies that look at complex interactions between children over several(prenominal) years, such as this study, might have too many outside interactionary forces that could effect the data and results. Works Cited Buhs, Eric S. , Ladd, Gary W. , and Herald, Sarah L. (2006). Peer Exclusion and Victimization Processes That Mediate the Relation amid Peer Group Rejection and Childrens Classroom Engagement and Achievement?. journal of educational Psychology 2006, Vol. 98, No. 1, 113.